The name (which means "New Neamţ" in English) signifies that the monastery is a successor of the Neamţ Monastery in Romania (medieval Moldavia).
The monastery was founded in 1861, when several monks from the Neamţ monastery left and founded Noul-Neamţ in Chiţcani. The founding of the new monastery was a protest against the measures taken in United Principalities of Romania to confiscate monastery estates and forbid the usage of Slavonic language in worship.
On 16 May 1962 Soviet authorities closed the monastery; the buildings became a hospital.
The monastery church was reopened in 1989, followed in 1991 by the Romanian-language school for Orthodox priests.